diff --git a/tests/_util.py b/tests/_util.py
index 42dd54cb..d3ac99cb 100644
--- a/tests/_util.py
+++ b/tests/_util.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 #
 import collections.abc as collections_abc
+import inspect
 
 import pytest
 import sklearn.utils.estimator_checks
@@ -62,17 +63,64 @@ def parametrize_slow(arg_names, fast_arguments, slow_arguments):
     )
 
 
-def parametrize_with_checks_slow(fast_arguments, slow_arguments):
-    fast_params = [
-        list(
-            sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.check_estimator(
-                fast_arg, generate_only=True))[0] for fast_arg in fast_arguments
-    ]
-    slow_params = [
-        list(
-            sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.check_estimator(
-                slow_arg, generate_only=True))[0] for slow_arg in slow_arguments
-    ]
+def parametrize_with_checks_slow(fast_arguments, slow_arguments, generate_only=True):
+    """Parametrize tests with sklearn estimator checks, supporting fast/slow test modes.
+    
+    Args:
+        fast_arguments: List of estimators to use for fast tests.
+        slow_arguments: List of estimators to use for slow tests.
+        generate_only: If True, only generate tests without running them (default: True).
+                      This parameter is only used with sklearn < 1.5. In newer versions,
+                      tests are always generated (not run immediately).
+    
+    Returns:
+        A pytest parametrize decorator configured with fast and slow test parameters.
+    """
+    # Check if check_estimator supports generate_only parameter (sklearn < 1.5)
+    check_estimator_sig = inspect.signature(sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.check_estimator)
+    supports_generate_only = 'generate_only' in check_estimator_sig.parameters
+    
+    def _get_first_check_for_estimator(estimator):
+        """Helper to get the first check for a given estimator in new sklearn API.
+        
+        Note: We only return the first check to match the original behavior with [0].
+        This maintains consistency with the legacy API which also returned [0].
+        """
+        try:
+            decorator = sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.parametrize_with_checks([estimator])
+            # Extract the generator from the decorator's internal structure
+            # Note: This accesses pytest/sklearn internals and may be fragile across versions
+            gen = decorator.mark.args[1]
+            # Convert to list and take first element to avoid generator exhaustion issues
+            checks_list = list(gen)
+            return checks_list[0] if checks_list else None
+        except (AttributeError, IndexError, TypeError) as e:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Failed to extract checks from sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.parametrize_with_checks. "
+                f"This may be due to sklearn API changes. Error: {e}"
+            )
+    
+    if supports_generate_only:
+        # Old sklearn API (<= 1.4.x): use check_estimator with generate_only=True
+        fast_params = [
+            list(
+                sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.check_estimator(
+                    fast_arg, generate_only=generate_only))[0] for fast_arg in fast_arguments
+        ]
+        slow_params = [
+            list(
+                sklearn.utils.estimator_checks.check_estimator(
+                    slow_arg, generate_only=generate_only))[0] for slow_arg in slow_arguments
+        ]
+    else:
+        # New sklearn API (>= 1.5): use parametrize_with_checks to get test params
+        # For each estimator, get the first check
+        fast_params = [_get_first_check_for_estimator(fast_arg) for fast_arg in fast_arguments]
+        slow_params = [_get_first_check_for_estimator(slow_arg) for slow_arg in slow_arguments]
+        # Filter out any None values
+        fast_params = [p for p in fast_params if p is not None]
+        slow_params = [p for p in slow_params if p is not None]
+    
     return parametrize_slow("estimator,check", fast_params, slow_params)