diff --git a/.env b/.env
index 6d64d284780..6f830ca229b 100644
--- a/.env
+++ b/.env
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ VCPKG="4334d8b4c8916018600212ab4dd4bbdc343065d1"    # 2025.09.17 Release
 # ci/docker/python-*-windows-*.dockerfile or the vcpkg config.
 # This is a workaround for our CI problem that "archery docker build" doesn't
 # use pulled built images in dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.windows.yml.
-PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION=2026-01-22
-PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_TEST_IMAGE_REVISION=2026-01-22
+PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION=2026-01-27
+PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_TEST_IMAGE_REVISION=2026-01-27
 
 # Use conanio/${CONAN_BASE}:{CONAN_VERSION} for "docker compose run --rm conan".
 # See https://github.com/conan-io/conan-docker-tools#readme and
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh
index bd61154430e..2234fc6f310 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ export CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=${build_dir}/install
 export SETUPTOOLS_SCM_PRETEND_VERSION=${PYARROW_VERSION}
 
 pushd ${source_dir}/python
-python setup.py bdist_wheel
+python -m build --sdist --wheel . --no-isolation
 popd
 
 echo "=== (${PYTHON_VERSION}) Show dynamic libraries the wheel depend on ==="
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_validate_contents.py b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_validate_contents.py
index 84fcaba42e6..75815dadb85 100644
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_validate_contents.py
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_validate_contents.py
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ def validate_wheel(path):
         )
     ]
     assert not outliers, f"Unexpected contents in wheel: {sorted(outliers)}"
+    for filename in ('LICENSE.txt', 'NOTICE.txt'):
+        assert any(info.filename.split("/")[-1] == filename
+                   for info in f.filelist), \
+            f"{filename} is missing from the wheel."
     print(f"The wheel: {wheels[0]} seems valid.")
 
 
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat
index b4b7fed99fd..fc256d72785 100644
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_windows_build.bat
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ set CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\arrow-dist
 pushd C:\arrow\python
 
 @REM Build wheel
-%PYTHON_CMD% setup.py bdist_wheel || exit /B 1
+%PYTHON_CMD% -m build --sdist --wheel . --no-isolation || exit /B 1
 
 @REM Repair the wheel with delvewheel
 @REM
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_xlinux_build.sh b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_xlinux_build.sh
index a3fbeb3c0b3..ceebbc5ad01 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_xlinux_build.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_xlinux_build.sh
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ export ARROW_HOME=/tmp/arrow-dist
 export CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/tmp/arrow-dist
 
 pushd /arrow/python
-python setup.py bdist_wheel
+python -m build --sdist --wheel . --no-isolation
 
 echo "=== Strip symbols from wheel ==="
 mkdir -p dist/temp-fix-wheel
diff --git a/python/requirements-wheel-build.txt b/python/requirements-wheel-build.txt
index ac6388762b4..769435f4dd8 100644
--- a/python/requirements-wheel-build.txt
+++ b/python/requirements-wheel-build.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+build
 cython>=3.1
 numpy>=2.0.0
 setuptools_scm