chore: bump sigs.k8s.io/kind from 0.30.0 to 0.31.0

[dependabot]

Bumps sigs.k8s.io/kind from 0.30.0 to 0.31.0.

Release notes

Sourced from sigs.k8s.io/kind's releases.

v0.31.0

This release contains dependency updates and defaults to Kubernetes 1.35.0.

Please take note of the breaking changes from Kubernetes 1.35, and how to prepare for future changes to move off of the deprecated kubeam v1beta3 in favor of v1beta4. We will include updated reminders for both again in subsequent releases.

The default node image is now kindest/node:v1.35.0@sha256:452d707d4862f52530247495d180205e029056831160e22870e37e3f6c1ac31f

Kubernetes will be removing cgroup v1 support, and therefore kind node images at those versions will also be dropping support.

You can read more about this change in the Kubernetes release blog: https://kubernetes.io/blog/2025/12/17/kubernetes-v1-35-release/#removal-of-cgroup-v1-support

If you must use kind on cgroup v1, we recommend using an older Kubernetes release for the immediate future, but we also strongly recommend migrating to cgroup v2.

In the near future as Kubernetes support dwindles, KIND will also clean up cgroup v1 workarounds and drop support in future kind releases and images, regardless of Kubernetes version.

Most stable linux distros should be on cgroupv2 out of the box.

This is a reminder to use pinned images by digest, see the note below about images for this release.

WARNING: Future kind releases will adopt kubeadm v1beta4 configuration, kubeadm v1beta4 has a breaking change to extraArgs: https://kubernetes.io/blog/2024/08/23/kubernetes-1-31-kubeadm-v1beta4/.

If you use the kubeadmConfigPatches feature then you may need to prepare for this change. We recommend that you use versioned config patches that explicitly match the version required.

KIND uses kubeadm v1beta3 for Kubernetes 1.23+, and will likely use v1beta4 for Kubernetes 1.36+ The exact version is TBD pending work to fix this but expected to be 1.36. It will definitely be an as-of-yet-unreleased Kubernetes version to avoid surprises, and it will not be on a patch-release boundary.

KIND may still work with older Kubernetes versions at v1beta2, but we no longer test or actively support these as Kubernetes only supports 1.32+ currently: https://kubernetes.io/releases/

You likely only need v1beta3 + v1beta4 patches, you can take your existing patches that work with v1beta3, explicitly set apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3 in the patch at the top level, and make another copy for v1beta4. The v1beta4 patch will need to move extraArgs from a map to a list, for examples see: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/config-api/kubeadm-config.v1beta4/

For a concrete example of kind config with kubeadm config patch targeting both v1beta3 and v1beta4, consider this simple kind config that sets verbosity of the apiserver logs:

kind: Cluster
apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
kubeadmConfigPatches:
# patch for v1beta3 (1.23 ...)
- |
  kind: ClusterConfiguration
  apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
  apiServer:
    extraArgs:
</tr></table> 

... (truncated)

Commits

• a323333 version v0.31.0
• 32124c6 Merge pull request #4077 from BenTheElder/135
• b088420 drop almalinux 8
• b1b15ed bump node image to 1.35.0
• c17c183 Merge pull request #4069 from BenTheElder/latest-images
• 36ee7a6 update node image to 1.34.3 with runc 1.2.x
• 1f8526c Merge pull request #4073 from aoxn/typo
• a47cf1e license typo
• 57ed4da use base image with runc 1.2.x
• 5e1c871 downgrade runc to 1.2.9 due to broken Kubernetes 1.33 tests
• Additional commits viewable in compare view

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[google-oss-prow]

Hi @dependabot[bot]. Thanks for your PR.

I'm waiting for a GoogleContainerTools member to verify that this patch is reasonable to test. If it is, they should reply with /ok-to-test on its own line. Until that is done, I will not automatically test new commits in this PR, but the usual testing commands by org members will still work. Regular contributors should join the org to skip this step.

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[google-oss-prow]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by:
Once this PR has been reviewed and has the lgtm label, please assign tiffanny29631 for approval. For more information see the Kubernetes Code Review Process.

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[Camila-B]

/ok-to-test

[google-oss-prow]

@dependabot[bot]: The following tests failed, say /retest to rerun all failed tests or /retest-required to rerun all mandatory failed tests:

Test name	Commit	Details	Required	Rerun command
kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group3	862cc10	link	true	/test kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group3
kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group1	862cc10	link	true	/test kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group1
kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group2	862cc10	link	true	/test kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group2

Details

Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available here. If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the kubernetes/test-infra repository. I understand the commands that are listed here.

[tiffanny29631]

Default node image has changed https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kind/releases/tag/v0.31.0

[Camila-B]

What changes do we need to make so that the test infra can support Kind 0.31.0? @tiffanny29631