feat(node-core): Add node-core/light

[andreiborza]

This PR adds a lightweight version of the node-core SDK that doesn't include nor requires OpenTelemetry dependencies. It provides a basic error-tracking SDK with support for request isolation via AsyncLocalStorage and basic tracing abilities
via our Sentry.startSpan* apis.

Request isolation requires Node 22.12.0+. On lower Node versions, manual wrapping via Sentry.withIsolationScope is necessary to isolate requests.

[github-actions]

node-overhead report 🧳

Note: This is a synthetic benchmark with a minimal express app and does not necessarily reflect the real-world performance impact in an application.
⚠️ Warning: Base artifact is not the latest one, because the latest workflow run is not done yet. This may lead to incorrect results. Try to re-run all tests to get up to date results.

Scenario	Requests/s	% of Baseline	Prev. Requests/s	Change %
GET Baseline	8,899	-	8,923	-0%
GET With Sentry	1,750	20%	1,675	+4%
GET With Sentry (error only)	5,978	67%	6,002	-0%
POST Baseline	1,202	-	1,168	+3%
POST With Sentry	580	48%	564	+3%
POST With Sentry (error only)	1,060	88%	1,031	+3%
MYSQL Baseline	3,247	-	3,181	+2%
MYSQL With Sentry	481	15%	393	+22%
MYSQL With Sentry (error only)	2,647	82%	2,646	+0%

View base workflow run

[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

⚠️ Warning: Base artifact is not the latest one, because the latest workflow run is not done yet. This may lead to incorrect results. Try to re-run all tests to get up to date results.

Path	Size	% Change	Change
@sentry/browser	25.4 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser - with treeshaking flags	23.85 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing)	42.21 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Profiling)	46.85 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay)	80.83 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - with treeshaking flags	70.44 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay with Canvas)	85.54 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback)	97.73 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Feedback)	42.12 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. sendFeedback)	30.09 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. FeedbackAsync)	35.08 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Metrics)	26.5 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Logs)	26.66 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Metrics & Logs)	27.32 kB	-	-
@sentry/react	27.13 kB	-	-
@sentry/react (incl. Tracing)	44.45 kB	-	-
@sentry/vue	29.83 kB	-	-
@sentry/vue (incl. Tracing)	44 kB	-	-
@sentry/svelte	25.41 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle	27.94 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing)	42.98 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Logs, Metrics)	28.78 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Logs, Metrics)	43.8 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Replay, Logs, Metrics)	67.72 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay)	79.71 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Logs, Metrics)	80.58 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback)	85.16 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback, Logs, Metrics)	86.09 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle - uncompressed	81.73 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing) - uncompressed	127.27 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Logs, Metrics) - uncompressed	84.56 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Logs, Metrics) - uncompressed	130.1 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Replay, Logs, Metrics) - uncompressed	207.94 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay) - uncompressed	243.87 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Logs, Metrics) - uncompressed	246.69 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback) - uncompressed	256.67 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback, Logs, Metrics) - uncompressed	259.48 kB	-	-
@sentry/nextjs (client)	46.8 kB	-	-
@sentry/sveltekit (client)	42.58 kB	-	-
@sentry/node-core	52.16 kB	+0.02%	+8 B 🔺
@sentry/node	166.17 kB	+0.01%	+10 B 🔺
@sentry/node - without tracing	93.93 kB	+0.02%	+13 B 🔺
@sentry/aws-serverless	109.45 kB	+0.02%	+11 B 🔺

View base workflow run

[github-actions]

Codecov Results 📊

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Generated by Codecov Action

[andreiborza]

Technically, this is a breaking change. That being said, the only place where we document node-core is in the README and the README already advised users to install @sentry/opentelemetry so... maaaybe this is ok?

sentry-javascript/packages/node-core/README.md

Lines 23 to 30 in 356776c

	## Installation
	```bash
	npm install @sentry/node-core @sentry/opentelemetry @opentelemetry/api @opentelemetry/core @opentelemetry/context-async-hooks @opentelemetry/instrumentation @opentelemetry/resources @opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base @opentelemetry/semantic-conventions
	# Or yarn
	yarn add @sentry/node-core @sentry/opentelemetry @opentelemetry/api @opentelemetry/core @opentelemetry/context-async-hooks @opentelemetry/instrumentation @opentelemetry/resources @opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base @opentelemetry/semantic-conventions
	```